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TDS Calculation Formula:
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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) calculation estimates the total amount of dissolved substances in water by multiplying electrical conductivity (EC) by a conversion factor (k). This provides a quick method to assess water quality and purity.
The calculator uses the TDS formula:
Where:
Explanation: The conversion factor accounts for the relationship between electrical conductivity and dissolved ion concentration in water.
Details: TDS measurement is crucial for water quality assessment, drinking water safety, agricultural irrigation, aquarium maintenance, and industrial water treatment processes.
Tips: Enter electrical conductivity in μS/cm and select an appropriate conversion factor (typically 0.64 for natural waters). All values must be valid (EC > 0, k between 0.5-0.8).
Q1: What is the typical conversion factor value?
A: For most natural waters, a conversion factor of 0.64 is commonly used. The factor can range from 0.5 to 0.8 depending on water composition.
Q2: What are acceptable TDS levels in drinking water?
A: The EPA recommends TDS levels below 500 ppm for drinking water. Levels between 500-1000 ppm may affect taste, while above 1000 ppm is generally not recommended.
Q3: How does temperature affect EC measurements?
A: Electrical conductivity increases with temperature. Most modern meters automatically compensate for temperature (usually to 25°C).
Q4: Can TDS be measured directly?
A: Yes, TDS can be measured directly by evaporating water and weighing the residue, but the EC method is much faster and more convenient.
Q5: What factors affect the conversion factor?
A: The conversion factor varies with the ionic composition of water. Different types of dissolved solids conduct electricity differently.