Combined Gas Law Calculator

Combined Gas Law:

\[ P_2 = \frac{P_1 \times V_1 \times T_2}{V_2 \times T_1} \]

Initial Pressure (P1):

Initial Volume (V1):

m³

Initial Temperature (T1):

Final Volume (V2):

m³

Final Temperature (T2):

Final Pressure (P2):

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1. What is the Combined Gas Law?

The Combined Gas Law combines Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law to describe the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas when the amount of gas is constant. It provides a comprehensive equation for gas behavior under changing conditions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Combined Gas Law equation:

\[ P_2 = \frac{P_1 \times V_1 \times T_2}{V_2 \times T_1} \]

Where:

\( P_1 \) — Initial pressure (Pa)
\( V_1 \) — Initial volume (m³)
\( T_1 \) — Initial temperature (K)
\( V_2 \) — Final volume (m³)
\( T_2 \) — Final temperature (K)
\( P_2 \) — Final pressure (Pa)

Explanation: The equation shows how pressure, volume, and temperature are interrelated for a fixed amount of gas. Changes in one variable affect the others in predictable ways.

3. Importance of Combined Gas Law Calculation

Details: The Combined Gas Law is essential for understanding gas behavior in various scientific and engineering applications, including chemical reactions, thermodynamics, and industrial processes involving gases.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all known values in the appropriate units (pressure in Pa, volume in m³, temperature in K). All values must be positive and non-zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why must temperature be in Kelvin?
A: The gas laws are based on absolute temperature scales. Using Kelvin ensures that temperature ratios are calculated correctly, as 0 K represents absolute zero.

Q2: What if I have different units?
A: Convert all measurements to consistent units before calculation. For pressure: 1 atm = 101325 Pa, for volume: 1 L = 0.001 m³, for temperature: °C + 273.15 = K.

Q3: When is the Combined Gas Law applicable?
A: It applies to ideal gases with constant amount (moles) and when the gas behaves ideally (low pressure, high temperature conditions).

Q4: How does this differ from the Ideal Gas Law?
A: The Combined Gas Law describes relationships between P, V, and T for a fixed amount of gas, while the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) includes the amount of gas (n) and the gas constant (R).

Q5: What are common applications of this law?
A: Common applications include predicting gas behavior in weather systems, scuba diving calculations, industrial gas processing, and laboratory experiments.